{"id":31202,"date":"2021-11-10T09:28:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-10T09:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/nizozemska-narodni-preventivni-dohoda-bez-koure-2040"},"modified":"2026-06-07T16:08:48","modified_gmt":"2026-06-07T16:08:48","slug":"nizozemska-narodni-preventivni-dohoda-bez-koure-2040","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/cs\/vape-novinky\/nizozemska-narodni-preventivni-dohoda-bez-koure-2040","title":{"rendered":"Nizozemsk\u00e1 generace bez kou\u0159e: cesta k tab\u00e1kov\u00e9 svobod\u011b do roku 2040"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nizozemsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da zah\u00e1jila vysoce koordinovan\u00fd, multi-sektorov\u00fd \u00fatok na u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed tab\u00e1ku a p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed sv\u016fj zdravotnick\u00fd model z reaktivn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby na proaktivn\u00ed prevenci. Ukotvena v <a href=\"https:\/\/www.government.nl\/documents\/reports\/2019\/06\/30\/the-national-prevention-agreement\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">N\u00e1rodn\u00ed preventivn\u00ed dohod\u011b z roku 2018<\/a> (NPA), tato strategie vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 spole\u010densk\u00e9 p\u0159ita\u017elivosti hnut\u00ed \u201eGenerace bez kou\u0159e\u201c (SFG) k tomu, aby se normalizace z\u00e1vislosti na nikotinu naru\u0161ila a aby byly chr\u00e1n\u011bny budouc\u00ed generace.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Impuls ke zm\u011bn\u011b \u0159\u00edzen\u00fd daty<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Podle v\u00fdzkumu publikovan\u00e9ho v\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41533-022-00321-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Nature<\/a> Nizozemsko historicky nar\u00e1\u017eelo na vlivn\u00e9 tab\u00e1kov\u00e9 lobby a stagnuj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edru kou\u0159en\u00ed. NPA byla p\u0159ipravena jako odpov\u011b\u010f na z\u00e1va\u017enou zdravotn\u00ed krizi: u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed tab\u00e1ku v zemi zp\u016fsobuje v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 000 \u00famrt\u00ed ro\u010dn\u011b, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje 9,4 % z celkov\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho dopadu nemoc\u00ed a stoj\u00ed zdravotnick\u00fd syst\u00e9m 2,4 miliardy \u20ac ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed data z roku 2017 odhalila v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 demografick\u00e9 a socioekonomick\u00e9 rozd\u00edly, kter\u00e9 nizozemsk\u00e1 V\u011bdeck\u00e1 rada pro vl\u00e1dn\u00ed politiku (WRR) ozna\u010dila za z\u00e1sadn\u00ed ot\u00e1zku soci\u00e1ln\u00ed spravedlnosti. Ob\u010dan\u00e9 s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edjmy a s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm v Nizozemsku pro\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed o osmn\u00e1ct let m\u00e9n\u011b zdrav\u00e9ho \u017eivota ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s bohat\u0161\u00edmi skupinami. NPA m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b na tyto zraniteln\u00e9 skupiny, kde se m\u00edra kou\u0159en\u00ed historicky nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u011brou koncentrovala.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Demografick\u00e1 skupina<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed m\u00edra kou\u0159en\u00ed v roce 2017<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">N\u00e1rodn\u00ed c\u00edl pro rok 2040<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Dosp\u011bl\u00ed (&gt;18)<\/strong><\/td><td>23,1 % (25,7 % ve skupin\u00e1ch s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm SES)<\/td><td>&lt; 5,0 %<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ml\u00e1de\u017e (12\u201316)<\/strong><\/td><td>8,0 % (17,0 % na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch s p\u0159edvzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravou na povol\u00e1n\u00ed)<\/td><td>0.0%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ml\u00e1de\u017e (16\u201318)<\/strong><\/td><td>32,8 % (v odborn\u00e9m\/higher odborn\u00e9m vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed)<\/td><td>0.0%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>T\u011bhotn\u00e9 \u017eeny<\/strong><\/td><td>9,0 % (22,0 % ve skupin\u00e1ch s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmy)<\/td><td>0.0%<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Strategick\u00fd pil\u00ed\u0159 I: Zneviditeln\u011bn\u00ed tab\u00e1ku prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm tvrd\u00fdch i m\u011bkk\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aby se zbavil tab\u00e1ku statusu b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9ho produktu, nizozemsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da zavedla dvoukolejnou strategii kombinuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 legislativn\u00ed mand\u00e1ty s lok\u00e1ln\u00edmi zm\u011bnami v prost\u0159ed\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tvrd\u00e1 regula\u010dn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed:<\/strong> Pat\u0159\u00ed sem zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed dan\u011b o 1 \u20ac v roce 2020 (s kone\u010dn\u00fdm c\u00edlem 10 \u20ac za krabi\u010dku), zaveden\u00ed standardizovan\u00e9ho jednoduch\u00e9ho obalu (Pantone 448 C) a komplexn\u00ed z\u00e1kaz zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed u prodejn\u00edch m\u00edst ve v\u0161ech supermarketech a v maloobchodn\u00edch prodejn\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u011bk\u010d\u00ed zm\u011bny v prost\u0159ed\u00ed:<\/strong> Ve spolupr\u00e1ci s m\u00edstn\u00edmi samospr\u00e1vami a organizacemi jako NOC*NSF st\u00e1t p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed d\u011btsk\u00e1 h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b, zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed kontaktn\u00ed farmy a sportovn\u00ed kluby na 100% neku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00e9 z\u00f3ny. Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 prostory \u0161kol, od z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol a\u017e po univerzity, m\u011bly b\u00fdt povinn\u011b neku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00e9 do roku 2025.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Strategick\u00fd pil\u00ed\u0159 II: Dostupn\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de a transformace zdravotnictv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S v\u011bdom\u00edm, \u017ee zm\u011bny v prost\u0159ed\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt podpo\u0159eny dostupn\u00fdmi zdroji pro odvyk\u00e1n\u00ed, Nizozemsko v roce 2020 reformovalo sv\u016fj syst\u00e9m zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Behavior\u00e1ln\u00ed podpora a odvykac\u00ed l\u00e9\u010diva jsou nyn\u00ed pln\u011b osvobozena od doplatku \u201evlastn\u00ed riziko\u201c (deduktible), \u010d\u00edm\u017e se odstra\u0148uj\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed bari\u00e9ry pro osoby, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed p\u0159estat.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Krom\u011b toho proch\u00e1zej\u00ed zdravotnick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed povinnou stup\u0148ovitou transformac\u00ed. Pod syst\u00e9mem \u201eZlat\u00fd, St\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fd a Bronzov\u00fd\u201c status m\u011bly b\u00fdt centra pro l\u00e9\u010dbu z\u00e1vislost\u00ed povinn\u011b 100% neku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00e1 do roku 2020, zat\u00edmco v\u0161echna nemocni\u010dn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mus\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout neku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00e9ho statusu do roku 2025. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 je, \u017ee se od zdravotnick\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 j\u00edt p\u0159\u00edkladem a udr\u017eovat b\u011bhem pracovn\u00ed doby p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b neku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00fd profil.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Strategick\u00fd pil\u00ed\u0159 III: Firemn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnost a odprodej investic<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nizozemsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b r\u00e1movala kontrolu tab\u00e1ku jako ekonomick\u00fd p\u0159\u00ednos pro soukrom\u00fd sektor a op\u00edrala se o data, podle nich\u017e ku\u0159\u00e1ci v pr\u016fm\u011bru absolvuj\u00ed o 2,8 v\u00edce dn\u016f nemocensk\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u011b ne\u017e neku\u0159\u00e1ci. Velk\u00e9 korporace jako KPN a ABN AMRO aktivn\u011b p\u0159ijaly standardy \u201eSmoke-Free Organization\u201c (organizace bez kou\u0159e), nab\u00edzej\u00ed intern\u00ed podporu p\u0159i odvyk\u00e1n\u00ed a omezuj\u00ed veden\u00ed firmy v tom, aby zast\u00e1valo konfliktn\u00ed role v tab\u00e1kov\u00e9m odv\u011btv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Toto firemn\u00ed slad\u011bn\u00ed se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v masivn\u00edm trendu odprodeje finan\u010dn\u00edch pod\u00edl\u016f. NPA usiluje o to, aby alespo\u0148 16 z 20 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch nizozemsk\u00fdch institucion\u00e1ln\u00edch investor\u016f zcela st\u00e1hlo ve\u0161ker\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky z majetkov\u00fdch pod\u00edl\u016f souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s tab\u00e1kem, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se posiluje systematick\u00e9 vylou\u010den\u00ed tab\u00e1kov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu z nizozemsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cesta k roku 2040: monitoring a ostra\u017eitost<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e1rodn\u00ed institut pro ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed a \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed (RIVM) slou\u017e\u00ed jako hlavn\u00ed dozor\u010d\u00ed org\u00e1n pro tuto transformaci, vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy o pokroku a komplexn\u00ed \u010dty\u0159let\u00e9 hloubkov\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy, aby tv\u016frci politik mohli dola\u010fovat regulace.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zat\u00edmco b\u011bhem po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed implementace NPA celost\u00e1tn\u00ed m\u00edra kou\u0159en\u00ed klesla z 21,7 % v roce 2019 na 20,2 % v roce 2020, v roce 2021 se pokrok m\u00edrn\u011b zastavil (a\u017e na 20,6 %) kv\u016fli stresu souvisej\u00edc\u00edmu s pandemi\u00ed a dlouhodob\u00e9mu p\u0159echodu ve st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1v\u011b. Analytici ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e1 politick\u00e1 ostra\u017eitost a udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 financov\u00e1n\u00ed, aby Nizozemsko \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b splnilo sv\u016fj slib neku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00e9 budoucnosti do roku 2040.<\/p>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Reference: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.government.nl\/themes\/family-health-and-care\/smoking\/government-measures-to-discourage-smoking\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed k odrazov\u00e1n\u00ed od kou\u0159en\u00ed<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dkfz.de\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/Krebspraevention\/Download\/pdf\/Deutsche_Konferenz_fuer_Tabakkontrolle\/20_Deutsche_Konferenz_fuer_Tabakkontrolle\/2022_Willemsen-M_Smokefree-Generation-in-the-Netherlands.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Generace bez kou\u0159e v Nizozemsku: relevantn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad pro N\u011bmecko?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak Nizozemsko vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 N\u00e1rodn\u00ed preventivn\u00ed dohodu, odprodej firemn\u00edch investic a reformu zdravotnictv\u00ed k odstran\u011bn\u00ed kou\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30647,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2026],"tags":[2198,2152],"class_list":["post-31202","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vape-novinky","tag-generacni-zakaz-koureni","tag-nizozemsko"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31202","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31202"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31202\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31202"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}