{"id":40430,"date":"2026-07-03T05:55:34","date_gmt":"2026-07-03T05:55:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/does-vaping-cause-cancer-scientific-evidence"},"modified":"2026-09-30T16:45:27","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T16:45:27","slug":"does-vaping-cause-cancer-scientific-evidence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/cs\/vape-pruvodce\/does-vaping-cause-cancer-scientific-evidence","title":{"rendered":"Zp\u016fsobuje vaping rakovinu? Co skute\u010dn\u011b ukazuje v\u011bdeck\u00fd d\u016fkaz"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Vlna znepokojiv\u00fdch titulk\u016f v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b znovu rozproudila celosv\u011btovou debatu o dlouhodob\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti e-cigaret. Report\u00e1\u017ee v hlavn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00edch, op\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed se o nov\u011b publikovan\u00e9 laboratorn\u00ed a epidemiologick\u00e9 studie, odv\u00e1\u017en\u011b nazna\u010dovaly, \u017ee vaping m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobovat rakovinu dutiny \u00fastn\u00ed, plic a mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e. Rychle v\u0161ak vyvstaly v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 pochybnosti ze strany nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch onkologick\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f, zast\u00e1nc\u016f ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed a v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f v oblasti kontroly tab\u00e1ku, kte\u0159\u00ed zpochybnili v\u011bdeckou validitu t\u011bchto tvrzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Pochopen\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9ho vztahu mezi vapingem a rakovinou vy\u017eaduje pod\u00edvat se za senza\u010dn\u00ed medi\u00e1ln\u00ed zkratky. Anal\u00fdzou z\u00e1sadn\u00edch rozd\u00edl\u016f mezi spalov\u00e1n\u00edm tab\u00e1ku a aerosolem z e-cigaret, odhalen\u00edm z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch nedostatk\u016f v ned\u00e1vn\u00fdch studi\u00edch \u201evapes-cause-cancer\u201c a p\u0159ezkoum\u00e1n\u00edm konsenzu p\u0159edn\u00edch sv\u011btov\u00fdch zdravotnick\u00fdch organizac\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme odd\u011blit v\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakta od p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch strachem.<\/p>\n\n

Spalov\u00e1n\u00ed vs. aerosolizace: biologick\u00e9 v\u00fdchodisko<\/h2>\n\n

Abychom pochopili, pro\u010d se rizika rakoviny u kou\u0159en\u00ed a vapingu li\u0161\u00ed tak z\u00e1sadn\u011b, mus\u00edme se pod\u00edvat na to, jak se do t\u011bla dost\u00e1v\u00e1 nikotin. Kdy\u017e je klasick\u00e1 cigareta zap\u00e1lena, prob\u00edh\u00e1 spalov\u00e1n\u00ed (komustion). Tento ho\u0159\u00edc\u00ed proces dosahuje teplot a\u017e 900 \u00b0C, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 tab\u00e1kov\u00fd kou\u0159 obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed toxick\u00fd koktejl v\u00edce ne\u017e 7 000 chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek. Z toho je nejm\u00e9n\u011b 70 potvrzen\u00fdch karcinogen\u016f, kter\u00e9\u00a0Cancer Research UK potvrzuje<\/a>\u00a0p\u0159\u00edmo po\u0161kozuj\u00ed bun\u011b\u010dnou DNA, co\u017e vede k nekontrolovateln\u00fdm genetick\u00fdm mutac\u00edm zp\u016fsobuj\u00edc\u00edm rakovinu.<\/p>\n\n

Proto\u017ee se tyto toxiny dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu, kou\u0159en\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje rakovinu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 kdekoli v t\u011ble, v\u010detn\u011b plic, \u00fast, hrdla, j\u00edcnu, \u017ealudku, jater, slinivky, ledvin a mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n

Naproti tomu e-cigarety neobsahuj\u00ed tab\u00e1k a nespol\u00e9haj\u00ed na spalov\u00e1n\u00ed. M\u00edsto toho pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed elektrick\u00fd oh\u0159\u00edvac\u00ed prvek k zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed e-liquidu \u2014 typicky sm\u011bsi propylenglykolu (PG), rostlinn\u00e9ho glycerinu (VG)<\/a>, aromat a nikotinu<\/a> \u2014 do aerosolu. Proto\u017ee nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k ho\u0159en\u00ed, naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina vysoce karcinogenn\u00edch slou\u010denin obsa\u017een\u00fdch v tab\u00e1kov\u00e9m kou\u0159i zcela chyb\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Tam, kde se v aerosolu z vapingu detekuj\u00ed toxick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, jsou konzistentn\u011b zachycov\u00e1ny pouze ve stopov\u00fdch mno\u017estv\u00edch v\u00fdrazn\u011b pod zaveden\u00fdmi bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi prahy.\u00a0revize britsk\u00e9ho Public Health England<\/a>\u00a0odhadla, \u017ee vaping je \u201ep\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 95 procent m\u00e9n\u011b \u0161kodliv\u00fd\u201c ne\u017e kou\u0159en\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 uvedla, \u017ee chemick\u00e1 expozice je \u010dasto srovnateln\u00e1 s \u00farovn\u011bmi z l\u00e9ka\u0159sky schv\u00e1len\u00fdch nikotinov\u00fdch substitu\u010dn\u00edch terapi\u00ed (NRT), jako jsou n\u00e1plasti a \u017ev\u00fdka\u010dky.<\/p>\n\n

Rozborka ned\u00e1vn\u00fdch studi\u00ed o vapingu a rakovin\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Navzdory tomuto jasn\u00e9mu biologick\u00e9mu rozd\u00edlu se n\u011bkolik studi\u00ed pokusilo prok\u00e1zat p\u0159\u00edmou souvislost mezi vapingem a rakovinou. Nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 peer review t\u011bchto prac\u00ed v\u0161ak odhalily systematick\u00e9 metodologick\u00e9 chyby \u2014 od nere\u00e1ln\u00fdch laboratorn\u00edch nastaven\u00ed a\u017e po fat\u00e1ln\u00ed epidemiologick\u00e9 omyly.<\/p>\n\n

1. Epigenetick\u00e1 \u201estudie l\u00edcn\u00edch bun\u011bk\u201c (Herzog et al.)<\/h3>\n\n

\u0160iroce medializovan\u00e1\u00a0studie publikovan\u00e1 v Cancer Research<\/a>\u00a0analyzovala \u201eotisk metylace DNA\u201c (epigenetick\u00e9 zm\u011bny) v l\u00edcn\u00edch bu\u0148k\u00e1ch ku\u0159\u00e1k\u016f a vapuj\u00edc\u00edch. M\u00e9dia rychle informovala, \u017ee vaping zp\u016fsobuje \u201epodobn\u00e9\u201c po\u0161kozen\u00ed DNA jako kou\u0159en\u00ed \u2014 co\u017e nazna\u010dovalo spole\u010dn\u00e9 riziko rakoviny.<\/p>\n\n

Nez\u00e1visl\u00ed odborn\u00edci v\u0161ak vyz\u00fdvali k opatrnosti. V\u00a0reakci publikovan\u00e9 v Cancer Research UK<\/a>\u00a0dr. Julie Sharp, vedouc\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed Health Information, upozornila, \u017ee studie nedok\u00e1\u017ee potvrdit, zda pozorovan\u00e9 zm\u011bny v bu\u0148k\u00e1ch skute\u010dn\u011b zp\u016fsobuje vaping. \u0158ada lid\u00ed ve studii byli toti\u017e b\u00fdval\u00ed ku\u0159\u00e1ci. Des\u00edtky let p\u0159edchoz\u00edho kou\u0159en\u00ed zanech\u00e1vaj\u00ed trval\u00fd genetick\u00fd podpis, kter\u00fd nelze snadno odd\u011blit od aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch vapingov\u00fdch n\u00e1vyk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Nav\u00edc v\u00a0odborn\u00e9 reakci sestaven\u00e9 Science Media Centre (SMC)<\/a>\u00a0varoval docent George Laking, \u0159editel Centra pro v\u00fdzkum rakoviny p\u0159i University of Auckland, p\u0159ed zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edm pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm slova \u201epodobn\u00e9\u201c. Uvedl, \u017ee a\u010dkoli se n\u011bkter\u00e9 epigenetick\u00e9 zm\u011bny p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaly, ku\u0159\u00e1ci vykazovali obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch bun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdch zm\u011bn, kter\u00e9 zcela chyb\u011bly jak u vapuj\u00edc\u00edch, tak u neku\u0159\u00e1k\u016f. \u201eSmrteln\u00fd had je v n\u011bkter\u00fdch ohledech \u201apodobn\u00fd\u2018 ne\u0161kodn\u00e9mu \u017e\u00ed\u017ealovi,\u201c poznamenal Laking \u2014 \u010d\u00edm\u017e zd\u016fraznil, jak byl tento term\u00edn pou\u017eit k p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed rizika.<\/p>\n\n

2. Sta\u017een\u00ed systematick\u00e9ho p\u0159ehledu (Journal of Cancer Policy)<\/h3>\n\n

Na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2026\u00a0Journal of Cancer Policy<\/em>\u00a0form\u00e1ln\u011b\u00a0st\u00e1hl vysoce medializovan\u00fd systematick\u00fd p\u0159ehled<\/a>, kter\u00fd tvrdil, \u017ee u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed e-cigaret souvis\u00ed se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm rizikem rakoviny d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho \u010d\u00edpku a prsu. V ozn\u00e1men\u00ed o sta\u017een\u00ed bylo uvedeno \u201en\u011bkolik v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch chyb, kter\u00e9 podstatn\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed spolehlivost zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n\n

Behavior\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdec Dr. Arielle Selya vysv\u011btlila, \u017ee auto\u0159i se dopustili z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch, neodhalen\u00fdch odchylek od protokolu. Zat\u00edmco nejprve registrovali pl\u00e1n zkoumat pouze v\u00fdsledky z lidsk\u00fdch klinick\u00fdch studi\u00ed, pozd\u011bji roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ili vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed i o studie na zv\u00ed\u0159atech, nepeer-reviewed abstrakta z konferenc\u00ed a data v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivn\u011bn\u00e1 p\u0159edchoz\u00edm kou\u0159en\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n

Podle\u00a0publikovan\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 kritiky \u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a>\u00a0auto\u0159i dokonce za\u0159adili a vysoce ohodnotili studii, kter\u00e1 u\u017e byla sta\u017eena. To vedlo\u00a0Smoke Free Sweden<\/a>\u00a0k vyd\u00e1n\u00ed varov\u00e1n\u00ed, jak rychle se m\u016f\u017ee chybn\u00e1 v\u011bda prom\u011bnit v dezinformace, je\u0161t\u011b ne\u017e dojde ke sta\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

3. Studie o rakovin\u011b plic s \u010dasn\u00fdm n\u00e1stupem a \u201eobr\u00e1cen\u00e1 kauzalita\u201c<\/h3>\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce\u00a0publikovan\u00e1 ve Frontiers in Oncology<\/a>\u00a0tvrdila, \u017ee du\u00e1ln\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 (lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1rove\u0148 kou\u0159\u00ed i vapuj\u00ed) maj\u00ed riziko rakoviny plic 2,8\u00d7 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ti, kdo pouze kou\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Dr. Michael Siegel, profesor ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed na Tufts University School of Medicine, tuto studii kritizoval na\u00a0sv\u00e9m blogu o anal\u00fdze tab\u00e1ku<\/a>, kde odhalil fat\u00e1ln\u00ed chybu:\u00a0obr\u00e1cenou kauzalitu<\/strong>. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zaznamenali pacientsk\u00e9 vapingov\u00e9 n\u00e1vyky v dob\u011b diagn\u00f3zy rakoviny, ale nepoda\u0159ilo se jim stanovit \u010dasovou osu toho, jak dlouho vapovali p\u0159ed rozvojem p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Proto\u017ee rakovina plic trv\u00e1 rozvinut\u00ed des\u00edtky let, je biologicky nemo\u017en\u00e9, aby ji ned\u00e1vn\u00fd vaping zp\u016fsobil. M\u00edsto toho ku\u0159\u00e1ci, u kter\u00fdch se objev\u00ed \u010dasn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky rakoviny plic (nap\u0159\u00edklad dlouhodob\u00fd ka\u0161el nebo du\u0161nost), \u010dasto sahaj\u00ed k vapingu ve zoufal\u00e9 snaze p\u0159estat kou\u0159it. Jak je podrobn\u011b pops\u00e1no v\u00a0studi\u00edch o obr\u00e1cen\u00e9 sm\u011brovosti<\/a>, studie p\u0159isoudila rakovinu vapingu, zat\u00edmco ve skute\u010dnosti ran\u00e9 st\u00e1dium rakoviny vedlo k tomu, \u017ee lid\u00e9 za\u010dali vapovat. Nav\u00edc tato studie tak\u00e9 op\u00edrala sv\u00e1 tvrzen\u00ed o\u00a0d\u0159\u00edve sta\u017eenou pr\u00e1ci<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

4. Australsk\u00fd p\u0159ehled karcinogenity (Stewart et al.)<\/h3>\n\n

Publikov\u00e1no v\u00a0Carcinogenesis<\/em>, a\u00a0kvalitativn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed rizika<\/a>\u00a0tvrdilo, \u017ee \u201erakovina je na dosah pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed vapuj\u00ed\u201c, a to kv\u016fli detekci biomarker\u016f \u0161kodlivosti. Tato studie vyvolala senzacechtiv\u00e9 titulky v m\u00e9di\u00edch typu\u00a0Daily Mail<\/a>,\u00a0Australian Broadcasting Corporation<\/a>,\u00a0The Independent<\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0Los Angeles Times<\/a>. Hlavn\u00ed autorka\/autor nav\u00edc zve\u0159ejnil\u00a0video na YouTube<\/a> a\u00a0tiskovou zpr\u00e1vu na EurekAlertu<\/a>, kde to ozna\u010dil(a) za \u201edefinitivn\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n\n

Nez\u00e1visl\u00ed v\u011bdci v\u0161ak rychle publikovali\u00a0podrobn\u011b rozpracovanou kritiku p\u0159es Science Media Centre<\/a>. Dr. Peter Hajek, profesor klinick\u00e9 psychologie na Queen Mary University of London, vysv\u011btlil, \u017ee modern\u00ed vysoce citliv\u00e9 testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje dok\u00e1\u017eou zachytit stopov\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed chemik\u00e1li\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v \u010demkoli, co j\u00edme, pijeme nebo vdechujeme. Samotn\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee existuje v mno\u017estv\u00ed schopn\u00e9m zp\u016fsobit \u0161kodu.<\/p>\n\n

Hajek tak\u00e9 poznamenal, \u017ee mnoh\u00e9 z vysok\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00ed chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch v recenzi poch\u00e1zely z laboratorn\u00edch studi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 e-liquid z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1ly a\u017e do stavu \u201edry puffs\u201c \u2014 podm\u00ednek, p\u0159i nich\u017e vznik\u00e1 \u0161tiplav\u00e1, \u201enevapovateln\u00e1\u201c chu\u0165, kterou by \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd u\u017eivatel nedok\u00e1zal tolerovat.<\/p>\n\n

Shrnut\u00ed sporn\u00fdch studi\u00ed o vapingu a rakovin\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Tabulka n\u00ed\u017ee shrnuje kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 studie, kter\u00e9 se v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b pokusily spojit vaping s rakovinou, spolu s kritick\u00fdmi v\u011bdeck\u00fdmi vyvr\u00e1cen\u00edmi a metodologick\u00fdmi chybami, kter\u00e9 identifikovali nez\u00e1visl\u00ed odborn\u00edci.<\/p>\n\n

Studie & \u010dasopis<\/th>Hlavn\u00ed tvrzen\u00ed \/ titulek<\/th>Metodologick\u00e9 chyby & vyvr\u00e1cen\u00ed odborn\u00edky<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Herzog et al.<\/strong>Cancer Research<\/em><\/td>Vaping zp\u016fsobuje podobn\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed DNA (metylaci) v l\u00edcn\u00edch bu\u0148k\u00e1ch jako kou\u0159en\u00ed.<\/td>Zam\u011b\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed historie:<\/strong> Nepoda\u0159ilo se odd\u011blit p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed genetick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky minul\u00e9ho kou\u0159en\u00ed u \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f.Zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed srovn\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> Byly ignorov\u00e1ny z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 zm\u011bny specifick\u00e9 pro ku\u0159\u00e1ky, kter\u00e9 u vapuj\u00edc\u00edch chyb\u011bly.<\/td><\/tr>
Systematick\u00fd p\u0159ehled<\/strong>Journal of Cancer Policy<\/em> (sta\u017een\u00fd)<\/td>Vaping souvis\u00ed se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm rizikem rakoviny prsu a d\u011blo\u017en\u00edho \u010d\u00edpku.<\/td>Odchylky od protokolu:<\/strong> Potichu zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e1 krit\u00e9ria vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tak, aby zahrnovala nekvalitn\u00ed \u00fadaje ze studi\u00ed na zv\u00ed\u0159atech a biomarkery.Zahrnut\u00ed sta\u017een\u00fdch dat:<\/strong> Op\u00edral se o p\u0159edt\u00edm zdiskreditovan\u00e9 a sta\u017een\u00e9 studie k vyvozov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011br\u016f.<\/td><\/tr>
P\u0159\u00edpadov\u011b-kontroln\u00ed studie<\/strong>Frontiers in Oncology<\/em><\/td>Du\u00e1ln\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 maj\u00ed 2,8\u00d7 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko rakoviny plic ne\u017e ku\u0159\u00e1ci samotn\u00ed.<\/td>Obr\u00e1cen\u00e1 kauzalita:<\/strong> Nebyla stanovena historick\u00e1 \u010dasov\u00e1 osa. Skor\u00e9 symptomatick\u00e9, p\u0159edrakovinn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady u ku\u0159\u00e1k\u016f pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b za\u010daly vapovat, aby p\u0159estali kou\u0159it \u2014 co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nemoc p\u0159edch\u00e1zela pou\u017eit\u00ed vapu.<\/td><\/tr>
Stewart et al.<\/strong>Carcinogenesis<\/em><\/td>Existuj\u00ed jasn\u00e9 cesty k rakovin\u011b; vaping \u201enen\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed\u201c ne\u017e kou\u0159en\u00ed.<\/td>Bez srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ku\u0159\u00e1ky:<\/strong> Hodnotil vaping ve \u201evakuu\u201c bez porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s konzumac\u00ed spalovan\u00e9ho tab\u00e1ku.Extr\u00e9mn\u00ed laboratorn\u00ed podm\u00ednky:<\/strong> Spol\u00e9hal na data \u201edry puff\u201c, kdy byly e-liquidy p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00e9 na nere\u00e1ln\u00e9 teploty.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n
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\"Jednor\u00e1zov\u00fd<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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StagBar Vape 6v1 180K Puffs Jednor\u00e1zov\u00e1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stagbar 6v1 se sv\u00fdm jedine\u010dn\u00fdm \u0161estif\u00e1zov\u00fdm (6-flavor) syst\u00e9mem a \u0161esti samostatn\u00fdmi mesh c\u00edvkami umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159ep\u00ednat mezi \u0161esti odli\u0161n\u00fdmi chut\u011bmi v jednom elegantn\u00edm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a nab\u00edz\u00ed bezprecedentn\u00edch 180 000 pot\u00e1hnut\u00ed (puff\u016f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u010c\u00cdST V\u00cdCE >>><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

\u00daloha nikotinu v rakovin\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

\u010cast\u00fdm zdrojem zmatku je role nikotinu<\/strong>. Proto\u017ee nikotin je prim\u00e1rn\u00ed n\u00e1vykov\u00e1 l\u00e1tka v cigaret\u00e1ch i e-cigaret\u00e1ch, mnoz\u00ed lid\u00e9 myln\u011b v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b on je chemick\u00e1 l\u00e1tka zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za rakoviny spojen\u00e9 s tab\u00e1kem.<\/p>\n\n

To je v\u011bdecky nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9. Des\u00edtky let v\u00fdzkumu nikotinov\u00e9 substitu\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby (NRT), kterou bezpe\u010dn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvily miliony lid\u00ed u\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159icet let, potvrdily, \u017ee nikotin nen\u00ed karcinogen<\/a>. V roce 1964 do\u0161el U.S. Surgeon General\u2019s Report k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee nikotin nezp\u016fsobuje rakovinu \u2014 a tento postoj byl opakovan\u011b potvrzen Sv\u011btovou zdravotnickou organizac\u00ed (WHO) a Cancer Research UK<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

I kdy\u017e je nikotin vysoce n\u00e1vykov\u00fd a m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobovat do\u010dasn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed srde\u010dn\u00ed frekvence a krevn\u00edho tlaku, nepo\u0161kozuje DNA ani nespou\u0161t\u00ed r\u016fst n\u00e1dor\u016f. P\u0159i\u010d\u00edtat rakovinu nikotinu je stejn\u00e9, jako obvi\u0148ovat dopravn\u00ed prost\u0159edek nam\u00edsto toxick\u00e9ho n\u00e1kladu.<\/p>\n\n

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