{"id":74386,"date":"2026-10-29T01:07:48","date_gmt":"2026-10-29T01:07:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/e-cigarettes-quit-smoking-without-counselling-trial"},"modified":"2026-10-29T03:15:07","modified_gmt":"2026-10-29T03:15:07","slug":"e-cigarettes-quit-smoking-without-counselling-trial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/cs\/studie-o-vapingu\/e-cigarettes-quit-smoking-without-counselling-trial","title":{"rendered":"Studie uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee vapov\u00e1n\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 ku\u0159\u00e1k\u016fm p\u0159estat bez poradenstv\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Randomizovan\u00e1 kontrolovan\u00e1 studie proveden\u00e1 Queen Mary University of London uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee e-cigarety pom\u00e1haj\u00ed lidem p\u0159estat kou\u0159it, i kdy\u017e nemaj\u00ed k dispozici odbornou behavior\u00e1ln\u00ed podporu. Studie publikovan\u00e1 v\u00a0NEJM Evidence<\/em><\/a> p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed odpov\u011bdi na dlouho diskutovan\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky, zda vapovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed funguj\u00ed samostatn\u011b, nebo zda k dosa\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f vy\u017eaduj\u00ed soub\u011b\u017en\u00e9 klinick\u00e9 poradenstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Studie sledovala 1 170 dosp\u011bl\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed byli n\u00e1hodn\u011b rozd\u011bleni do t\u0159\u00ed skupin: jedna dost\u00e1vala automatick\u00e9 podp\u016frn\u00e9 e-maily od britsk\u00e9 N\u00e1rodn\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed slu\u017eby (NHS), druh\u00e1 obdr\u017eela pouze startovac\u00ed sadu e-cigaret a t\u0159et\u00ed startovac\u00ed sadu e-cigaret v kombinaci s p\u011bti telefonick\u00fdmi poradensk\u00fdmi sezen\u00edmi. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci ov\u011b\u0159ovali, zda \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci p\u0159estali kou\u0159it, pomoc\u00ed dechov\u00fdch test\u016f na oxid uhelnat\u00fd, aby vylou\u010dili zkreslen\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 spol\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00edm na vlastn\u00ed v\u00fdpov\u011bdi \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edry odvyk\u00e1n\u00ed kou\u0159en\u00ed mezi skupinami ve studii<\/h2>\n\n

Po \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b p\u0159estalo kou\u0159it 11,3 % \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed dostali pouze e-cigarety, ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s 6,4 % t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed dost\u00e1vali automatick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy NHS. U \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli k dispozici e-cigarety, byla pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee p\u0159estanou kou\u0159it bez jak\u00e9koli osobn\u00ed podpory, o 76 % vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. P\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed telefonick\u00fdch sezen\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161ilo m\u00edru odvyk\u00e1n\u00ed na dvojn\u00e1sobek, tedy na 21,1 %.<\/p>\n\n

Skupina podle typu intervence<\/th>Ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 m\u00edra odvyk\u00e1n\u00ed po 6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch<\/th>Ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 m\u00edra odvyk\u00e1n\u00ed po 12 m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Automatick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy NHS<\/strong><\/td>6.4%<\/td>5.4%<\/td><\/tr>
Pouze e-cigareta<\/strong><\/td>11.3%<\/td>9.0%<\/td><\/tr>
E-cigareta + telefonick\u00e1 podpora<\/strong><\/td>21.1%<\/td>16.8%<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n

Rozd\u00edly p\u0159etrv\u00e1valy i p\u0159i n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m hodnocen\u00ed po 12 m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch. Hlavn\u00ed autorka studie, doktorka Katie Myers Smith, uvedla, \u017ee poradenstv\u00ed sice p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ednosy, nen\u00ed v\u0161ak nezbytnou podm\u00ednkou: \u201eKu\u0159\u00e1ci k tomu, aby jim e-cigarety pomohly, nutn\u011b nepot\u0159ebuj\u00ed odborn\u00e9 poradenstv\u00ed. Pokud je v\u0161ak poradenstv\u00ed k dispozici, m\u016f\u017ee hr\u00e1t v\u00fdznamnou roli.\u201c<\/p>\n\n

Samostatn\u00e9 odvyk\u00e1n\u00ed a klinick\u00e9 souvislosti<\/h2>\n\n

Studie odhalila v\u00fdznamn\u00fd trend v kontroln\u00ed skupin\u011b: v\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b t\u0159etiny \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b p\u0159estali kou\u0159it d\u00edky automatick\u00fdm zpr\u00e1v\u00e1m, si e-cigarety koupily mimo r\u00e1mec studie. Kdy\u017e v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci tyto \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed se l\u00e9\u010dili samostatn\u011b, ze souboru vylou\u010dili, m\u00edra odvyk\u00e1n\u00ed ve skupin\u011b dost\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed pouze zpr\u00e1vy klesla na 2,7 %.<\/p>\n\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159estali kou\u0159it, vapovala i po 12 m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci uznali, \u017ee vapov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed zcela bez rizika, zd\u016fraznili v\u0161ak, \u017ee p\u0159edstavuje jen zlomek zdravotn\u00edch rizik spojen\u00fdch s kou\u0159en\u00edm klasick\u00fdch cigaret a z\u00e1rove\u0148 pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159edch\u00e1zet p\u0159ib\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed na v\u00e1ze a n\u00e1vratu ke kou\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Vedouc\u00ed autor studie, profesor Peter Hajek, uvedl, \u017ee l\u00e9ka\u0159i mohou e-cigarety s jistotou doporu\u010dovat a \u017ee by je pacienti m\u011bli pou\u017e\u00edvat tak dlouho, jak je pot\u0159eba k tomu, aby se vyhnuli n\u00e1vratu ke kou\u0159en\u00ed. Spoluautor studie, profesor Hayden McRobbie, dodal, \u017ee podp\u016frn\u00e9 slu\u017eby maj\u00ed st\u00e1le sv\u016fj v\u00fdznam, programy jako iniciativa britsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy \u201eSwap to Stop\u201c v\u0161ak spr\u00e1vn\u011b uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edstup k vapovac\u00edm produkt\u016fm by nem\u011bl b\u00fdt podm\u00edn\u011bn povinnou \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed na poradenstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

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