{"id":30797,"date":"2021-11-10T09:28:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-10T09:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/recenzii\/acordul-national-de-preventie-tarile-de-jos-generatia-fara-fum-2040"},"modified":"2026-06-06T11:17:48","modified_gmt":"2026-06-06T11:17:48","slug":"acordul-national-de-preventie-tarile-de-jos-generatia-fara-fum-2040","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/ro\/stiri\/acordul-national-de-preventie-tarile-de-jos-generatia-fara-fum-2040","title":{"rendered":"Genera\u021bia f\u0103r\u0103 fum din \u021a\u0103rile de Jos: drumul c\u0103tre tutun zero \u00een 2040"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Guvernul olandez a lansat un atac extrem de coordonat, multi-sectorial, asupra consumului de tutun, trec\u00e2nd modelul s\u0103u de s\u0103n\u0103tate de la tratament reactiv la preven\u021bie proactiv\u0103. Ancorat\u0103 de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.government.nl\/documents\/reports\/2019\/06\/30\/the-national-prevention-agreement\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Acordul Na\u021bional de Preven\u021bie din 2018<\/a> (NPA), aceast\u0103 strategie valorific\u0103 atractivitatea social\u0103 a mi\u0219c\u0103rii \u201eGenera\u021bia f\u0103r\u0103 fum\u201d (SFG) pentru a deznormaliza dependen\u021ba de nicotin\u0103 \u0219i pentru a proteja genera\u021biile viitoare.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Imperativul, bazat pe date, pentru schimbare<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Conform cercet\u0103rilor publicate \u00een <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41533-022-00321-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Nature<\/a>, \u021a\u0103rile de Jos s-au confruntat istoric cu lobby-ul influent din domeniul tutunului \u0219i cu rate de fumat stagnante. NPA a fost redactat pentru a combate o criz\u0103 sever\u0103 de s\u0103n\u0103tate public\u0103: consumul de tutun determin\u0103 peste 20.000 de decese anuale \u00een \u021bar\u0103, reprezent\u00e2nd 9,4% din povara total\u0103 a bolilor \u0219i cost\u00e2nd sistemul de s\u0103n\u0103tate 2,4 miliarde EUR anual.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Datele de baz\u0103 din 2017 au eviden\u021biat disparit\u0103\u021bi demografice \u0219i socioeconomice puternice, identificate de Consiliul \u0218tiin\u021bific Olandez pentru Politici guvernamentale (WRR) ca o problem\u0103 critic\u0103 de justi\u021bie social\u0103. Cet\u0103\u021benii olandezi cu venituri mai mici \u0219i cu un nivel educa\u021bional mai redus tr\u0103iesc cu optsprezece ani mai pu\u021bin de via\u021b\u0103 s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103 dec\u00e2t segmentele mai \u00eenst\u0103rite. NPA vizeaz\u0103 aceste grupuri vulnerabile, unde ratele de fumat au atins istoric v\u00e2rfuri.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Grup demografic<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Rata de baz\u0103 a fumatului \u00een 2017<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u021ainta na\u021bional\u0103 pentru 2040<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Adul\u021bi (&gt;18)<\/strong><\/td><td>23,1% (25,7% \u00een grupurile cu venituri mici, SES)<\/td><td>&lt; 5,0%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Tineri (12-16)<\/strong><\/td><td>8,0% (17,0% \u00een \u0219colile preprofesionale)<\/td><td>0.0%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Tineri (16-18)<\/strong><\/td><td>32,8% (\u00een \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m\u00e2ntul profesional\/superior profesional)<\/td><td>0.0%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Femei \u00eens\u0103rcinate<\/strong><\/td><td>9,0% (22,0% \u00een grupurile cu venituri mici)<\/td><td>0.0%<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pilul strategic I: Deznormalizarea tutunului prin m\u0103suri dure \u0219i m\u0103suri \u201esoft\u201d<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru a-i retrage tutunului statutul de produs de consum \u201enormal\u201d, guvernul olandez a implementat o strategie \u00een dou\u0103 direc\u021bii, combin\u00e2nd cerin\u021be legislative stricte cu schimb\u0103ri locale ale mediului:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>M\u0103suri dure de reglementare:<\/strong> Acestea includ o majorare de 1 EUR a taxei \u00een 2020 (cu o \u021bint\u0103 final\u0103 de 10 EUR pentru un pachet), introducerea ambalajului standardizat simplu (Pantone 448 C) \u0219i interdic\u021bii ample privind afi\u0219ajele la punctul de v\u00e2nzare \u00een supermarketuri \u0219i \u00een magazine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Schimb\u0103ri \u201esoft\u201d \u00een mediul \u00eenconjur\u0103tor:<\/strong> \u00cen colaborare cu autorit\u0103\u021bile locale \u0219i organiza\u021bii precum NOC*NSF, statul trece locurile de joac\u0103, gr\u0103dinile zoologice pentru animale de companie (\u201epetting zoos\u201d) \u0219i cluburile sportive c\u0103tre zone 100% f\u0103r\u0103 fum. Toate terenurile \u0219colare, de la \u0219colile primare la universit\u0103\u021bi, au fost mandatate s\u0103 fie f\u0103r\u0103 fum p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2025.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pilul strategic II: Acces la \u00eengrijire \u0219i transformarea sistemului de s\u0103n\u0103tate<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recunosc\u00e2nd c\u0103 schimb\u0103rile din mediu trebuie sus\u021binute de resurse accesibile pentru renun\u021bare, \u021a\u0103rile de Jos \u0219i-au reformulat sistemul de asigur\u0103ri de s\u0103n\u0103tate \u00een 2020. Suportul comportamental \u0219i medicamentele pentru renun\u021bare sunt acum complet exceptate de la \u201eriscul propriu\u201d (fran\u0219iza) aferent, elimin\u00e2nd barierele financiare pentru persoanele care \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 se lase de fumat.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen plus, unit\u0103\u021bile medicale trec printr-o transformare obligatorie \u00een trepte. \u00cen cadrul unui sistem de statut \u201eAur, Argint \u0219i Bronz\u201d, centrele de tratare a dependen\u021bei au fost obligate s\u0103 fie 100% f\u0103r\u0103 fum p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2020, iar toate spitalele trebuiau s\u0103 ating\u0103 statutul de unit\u0103\u021bi f\u0103r\u0103 fum p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2025. Esen\u021bial, profesioni\u0219tii din domeniul s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii sunt a\u0219tepta\u021bi s\u0103 dea exemplu, men\u021bin\u00e2nd un profil strict f\u0103r\u0103 fum \u00een timpul orelor de lucru.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pilul strategic III: Responsabilitatea corporativ\u0103 \u0219i dezangajarea<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Guvernul olandez a reu\u0219it s\u0103 pozi\u021bioneze controlul tutunului ca un c\u00e2\u0219tig economic pentru sectorul privat, invoc\u00e2nd date potrivit c\u0103rora fum\u0103torii \u00ee\u0219i iau, \u00een medie, cu 2,8 zile de boal\u0103 mai multe anual dec\u00e2t nefum\u0103torii. Companii mari precum KPN \u0219i ABN AMRO au adoptat activ standarde de \u201eOrganiza\u021bie f\u0103r\u0103 fum\u201d, oferind sprijin intern pentru renun\u021bare \u0219i limit\u00e2nd conducerea corporativ\u0103 de la de\u021binerea unor roluri conflictuale \u00een industria tutunului.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aceast\u0103 aliniere corporativ\u0103 este oglindit\u0103 \u00eentr-un trend masiv de dezangajare financiar\u0103. NPA urm\u0103re\u0219te ca cel pu\u021bin 16 dintre cei 20 cei mai mari investitori institu\u021bionali din \u021a\u0103rile de Jos s\u0103 se retrag\u0103 complet din toate fondurile legate de de\u021bineri \u00een domeniul tutunului, consolid\u00e2nd excluderea sistematic\u0103 a industriei tutunului din societatea olandez\u0103.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Drumul c\u0103tre 2040: monitorizare \u0219i vigilen\u021b\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Institutul Na\u021bional pentru S\u0103n\u0103tate Public\u0103 \u0219i Mediu (RIVM) are rolul de supraveghetor principal pentru aceast\u0103 tranzi\u021bie, furniz\u00e2nd rapoarte anuale de progres \u0219i analiz\u00e2nd \u00een profunzime, la fiecare patru ani, pentru ca factorii de decizie s\u0103 poat\u0103 ajusta fin reglement\u0103rile.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De\u0219i implementarea ini\u021bial\u0103 a NPA a dus la sc\u0103derea ratelor na\u021bionale de fumat de la 21,7% \u00een 2019 la 20,2% \u00een 2020, progresul s-a blocat u\u0219or \u00een 2021 (cresc\u00e2nd la 20,6%) din cauza stresului asociat pandemiei \u0219i a unei tranzi\u021bii guvernamentale prelungite. Anali\u0219tii \u00een s\u0103n\u0103tate public\u0103 subliniaz\u0103 c\u0103 vigilen\u021ba politic\u0103 continu\u0103 \u0219i finan\u021barea sus\u021binut\u0103 sunt esen\u021biale pentru a garanta c\u0103 \u021a\u0103rile de Jos \u00ee\u0219i \u00eendepline\u0219te promisiunea unui viitor f\u0103r\u0103 fum p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2040.<\/p>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Referin\u021b\u0103: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.government.nl\/themes\/family-health-and-care\/smoking\/government-measures-to-discourage-smoking\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">M\u0103suri guvernamentale pentru a descuraja fumatul<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dkfz.de\/fileadmin\/user_upload\/Krebspraevention\/Download\/pdf\/Deutsche_Konferenz_fuer_Tabakkontrolle\/20_Deutsche_Konferenz_fuer_Tabakkontrolle\/2022_Willemsen-M_Smokefree-Generation-in-the-Netherlands.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">O genera\u021bie f\u0103r\u0103 fum \u00een \u021a\u0103rile de Jos: un exemplu relevant pentru Germania?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Modul \u00een care \u021a\u0103rile de Jos folosesc Acordul Na\u021bional de Preven\u021bie, dezangajarea corporativ\u0103 \u0219i reforma sistemului de s\u0103n\u0103tate pentru a elimina fumatul.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30678,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[183],"tags":[1830,1001],"class_list":["post-30797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-stiri","tag-generational-smoking-ban-ro","tag-tarile-de-jos"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30797","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30797"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30797\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30678"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30797"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30797"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}