{"id":32445,"date":"2026-04-10T03:46:26","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T03:46:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sweden-smoke-free-harm-reduction-eu-policy"},"modified":"2026-06-08T06:13:38","modified_gmt":"2026-06-08T06:13:38","slug":"sweden-smoke-free-harm-reduction-eu-policy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/spravy-zo-sveta-vapingu\/sweden-smoke-free-harm-reduction-eu-policy","title":{"rendered":"Ako sa \u0160v\u00e9dsko stalo prvou krajinou na svete bez dymu?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0160v\u00e9dsko dosiahlo historick\u00fd m\u00ed\u013enik verejn\u00e9ho zdravia a stalo sa prvou krajinou, ktor\u00e1 je ofici\u00e1lne \u201ebez dymu\u201c s dennou mierou faj\u010denia len 3,7 %. Tento \u00faspech nemo\u017eno prip\u00edsa\u0165 z\u00e1kazu nikot\u00ednu, ale sk\u00f4r \u0161irok\u00e9mu presunu k bezspa\u013eovac\u00edm alternat\u00edvam, ako je snus, nikot\u00ednov\u00e9 s\u00e1\u010dky a vapy \u2013 strat\u00e9gii zni\u017eovania \u0161k\u00f4d, ktor\u00e1 sa v\u00fdrazne l\u00ed\u0161i od aktu\u00e1lneho regula\u010dn\u00e9ho smerovania Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column has-border-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"border-width:1px;border-top-left-radius:25px;border-top-right-radius:25px;border-bottom-left-radius:25px;border-bottom-right-radius:25px;padding-top:20px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:20px;padding-left:20px\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hlavn\u00e9 z\u00e1very:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Historick\u00fd m\u00ed\u013enik:<\/strong>\u00a0Denn\u00e1 miera faj\u010denia vo \u0160v\u00e9dsku klesla na rekordne n\u00edzkych 3,7 %.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00daspech pri zni\u017eovan\u00ed \u0161k\u00f4d:<\/strong> Pokles je v\u00fdsledkom prijatia bezdymov\u00fdch nikot\u00ednov\u00fdch produktov (snus, vapy).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Zdravotn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky:<\/strong> \u0160v\u00e9dsko m\u00e1 najni\u017e\u0161ie miery rakoviny p\u013e\u00fac a \u00famrt\u00ed s\u00favisiacich s tabakom v r\u00e1mci E\u00da.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Opa\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00edstup E\u00da:<\/strong> Navrhovan\u00e1 rev\u00edzia smernice o tabakov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkoch (TPD) v E\u00da sa sna\u017e\u00ed regulova\u0165 v\u0161etky nikot\u00ednov\u00e9 produkty rovnako, pri\u010dom ignoruje pr\u00ednosy bezspa\u013eovac\u00edch alternat\u00edv.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00e1ta z ned\u00e1vnej spr\u00e1vy \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.can.se\/publikationer\/vanor-och-konsekvenser-2025\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Vanor och konsekvenser 2025<\/a>\u201c potvrdzuj\u00fa, \u017ee \u0160v\u00e9dsko prelomilo historick\u00fd rekord v oblasti verejn\u00e9ho zdravia a ofici\u00e1lne sa stalo krajinou bez dymu. Tento v\u00fdvoj prebieha uprostred prebiehaj\u00facich diskusi\u00ed o strat\u00e9gi\u00e1ch kontroly tabaku a priamo vedie k najni\u017e\u0161\u00edm mieram \u00famrtnosti s\u00favisiacej s tabakom v r\u00e1mci Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanie, pri\u010dom z\u00e1rove\u0148 poukazuje na v\u00fdrazn\u00fd rozdiel oproti aktu\u00e1lnemu smerovaniu politiky E\u00da.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0160v\u00e9dsky model: Odstr\u00e1nenie dymu, nie nikot\u00ednu<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mimoriadny \u00faspech \u0160v\u00e9dska \u2013 denn\u00e1 miera faj\u010denia len 3,7 % \u2013 nie je v\u00fdsledkom toho, \u017ee by sa zlikvidovala konzum\u00e1cia nikot\u00ednu. \u0160v\u00e9dska popul\u00e1cia namiesto toho z\u00e1sadne zmenila *sp\u00f4sob*, ak\u00fdm ho u\u017e\u00edva. Tradi\u010dn\u00e1 spa\u013eovacia cigareta bola vo ve\u013ekej miere nahraden\u00e1 bezspa\u013eovac\u00edmi alternat\u00edvami.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tento posun je podporen\u00fd viacer\u00fdmi k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdmi produktmi:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Snus:<\/strong>\u00a0Tradi\u010dn\u00fd \u0161v\u00e9dsky bezdymov\u00fd tabakov\u00fd produkt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nikot\u00ednov\u00e9 s\u00e1\u010dky:<\/strong>\u00a0Or\u00e1lne s\u00e1\u010dky bez tabakov\u00fdch listov.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vaping (vapy) a zahrievan\u00fd tabak:<\/strong> Elektronick\u00e9 zariadenia, ktor\u00e9 dod\u00e1vaj\u00fa nikot\u00edn bez spa\u013eovania.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm princ\u00edpom tohto \u00faspechu je jednoduch\u00e1 fyzika a zni\u017eovanie \u0161k\u00f4d: odstr\u00e1nen\u00edm spa\u013eovania sa eliminuje hlavn\u00fd zdroj \u0161k\u00f4d spojen\u00fdch s faj\u010den\u00edm. Priame d\u00f4sledky tohto mas\u00edvneho posunu s\u00fa tak\u00e9, \u017ee \u0160v\u00e9dsko dnes dosahuje najni\u017e\u0161ie miery rakoviny p\u013e\u00fac a \u00famrt\u00ed s\u00favisiacich s tabakom v celej Eur\u00f3pskej \u00fanii.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rozdielne cesty Eur\u00f3py: Rev\u00edzia smernice TPD<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00fdm \u0160v\u00e9dsko ukazuje, \u017ee rozli\u0161ovanie medzi spa\u013eovac\u00edmi a bezspa\u013eovac\u00edmi produktmi zachra\u0148uje \u017eivoty, Eur\u00f3pska \u00fania sa zjavne uber\u00e1 opa\u010dn\u00fdm smerom. Brusel v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti pripravuje rev\u00edziu <a href=\"https:\/\/health.ec.europa.eu\/tobacco\/product-regulation\/implementing-tobacco-products-directive-directive-201440eu\/revision-tobacco-products-directive_en\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">smernice o tabakov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkoch (TPD)<\/a>, ktor\u00e1 sa sna\u017e\u00ed prirovna\u0165 tradi\u010dn\u00e9 cigarety k v\u00e1pom, nikot\u00ednov\u00fdm s\u00e1\u010dkom a produktom zo zahrievan\u00e9ho tabaku.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tento regula\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00edstup pova\u017euje samotn\u00fd nikot\u00edn za hlavn\u00fd probl\u00e9m, nie spa\u013eovanie tabaku. Kritici tvrdia, \u017ee tento posun je v rozpore s d\u00f4kazmi zo \u0160v\u00e9dska a ohrozuje to, \u017ee:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Odrad\u00ed faj\u010diarov od prechodu na menej \u0161kodliv\u00e9 alternat\u00edvy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zn\u00ed\u017ei tempo skuto\u010dn\u00e9ho ukon\u010denia faj\u010denia naprie\u010d cel\u00fdm blokom.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ne\u00famyselne upevn\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00fd trh so spa\u013eovac\u00edm tabakom.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Podpor\u00ed rast neleg\u00e1lnych trhov \u2013 trend, ktor\u00fd u\u017e mo\u017eno pozorova\u0165 v krajin\u00e1ch ako Franc\u00fazsko po pr\u00edsnych pravidl\u00e1ch pre vaping.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nov\u00fd Z\u00e9land: \u010eal\u0161\u00ed pr\u00edbeh \u00faspechu pri zni\u017eovan\u00ed \u0161k\u00f4d<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0160v\u00e9dsko nie je jedinou krajinou, ktor\u00e1 preuk\u00e1zala \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 zni\u017eovania \u0161k\u00f4d. Na druhej strane sveta sa Nov\u00fd Z\u00e9land r\u00fdchlo bl\u00ed\u017ei k statusu \u201ebez dymu\u201c, ke\u010f jeho denn\u00e1 miera faj\u010denia klesla len na 6,8 %. Ich strat\u00e9gia sa podob\u00e1 na \u0161v\u00e9dsku, no je podporen\u00e1 rozhodn\u00fdmi politick\u00fdmi krokmi, ktor\u00e9 akt\u00edvne u\u013eah\u010duj\u00fa pr\u00edstup k vapes ako k legit\u00edmnemu n\u00e1stroju na ukon\u010denie faj\u010denia.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Krajina<\/th><th>Denn\u00e1 miera faj\u010denia<\/th><th>Hlavn\u00e1 strat\u00e9gia<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0160v\u00e9dsko<\/strong><\/td><td>3.7%<\/td><td>V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvanie snusu, s\u00e1\u010dkov a v\u00e1pov (zni\u017eovanie \u0161k\u00f4d).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Nov\u00fd Z\u00e9land<\/strong><\/td><td>6.8%<\/td><td>Vl\u00e1dou podporovan\u00fd pr\u00edstup k vaping-u pri odvykan\u00ed.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Eur\u00f3pska \u00fania (navrhovan\u00e9)<\/strong><\/td><td>R\u00f4zne (vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed priemer).<\/td><td>Porovn\u00e1vanie v\u0161etk\u00fdch nikot\u00ednov\u00fdch produktov; pr\u00edsna regul\u00e1cia alternat\u00edv.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ministerstvo zdravotn\u00edctva Nov\u00e9ho Z\u00e9landu v\u00fdslovne uzn\u00e1va e-cigarety (vaping) ako jeden z hlavn\u00fdch motorov poklesu faj\u010denia, najm\u00e4 v skupin\u00e1ch, kde tradi\u010dn\u00e9 terapie zlyhali. \u0160v\u00e9dsko aj Nov\u00fd Z\u00e9land poskytuj\u00fa presved\u010div\u00e9, d\u00e1tami podlo\u017een\u00e9 d\u00f4kazy, \u017ee prijatie bezspa\u013eovac\u00edch alternat\u00edv je ve\u013emi \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 cesta k odstr\u00e1neniu \u0161k\u00f4d spojen\u00fdch s tradi\u010dn\u00fdm faj\u010den\u00edm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0160v\u00e9dsko dosahuje rekordn\u00fa mieru 3,7 % faj\u010denia v\u010faka tomu, \u017ee prijalo bezdymov\u00e9 alternat\u00edvy ako snus a vapy, pri\u010dom sa ostro l\u00ed\u0161i od navrhovan\u00fdch eur\u00f3pskych (E\u00da) noriem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32446,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2030,2040],"tags":[2313,2197,2323],"class_list":["post-32445","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spravy-zo-sveta-vapingu","category-studia-o-vape","tag-bezdymne","tag-novy-zeland","tag-svedsko"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32445","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32445"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32445\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32445"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32445"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32445"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}