{"id":52512,"date":"2026-08-08T08:37:38","date_gmt":"2026-08-08T08:37:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/vaping-schizophrenia-harm-reduction-study"},"modified":"2026-08-08T11:03:17","modified_gmt":"2026-08-08T11:03:17","slug":"vaping-schizophrenia-harm-reduction-study","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/studia-o-vape\/vaping-schizophrenia-harm-reduction-study","title":{"rendered":"Vaping pom\u00e1ha pacientom so schizofr\u00e9niou zni\u017eova\u0165 miery faj\u010denia, uv\u00e1dza \u0161t\u00fadia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u0148a 21. j\u00fala 2026 medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd v\u00fdskumn\u00fd t\u00edm veden\u00fd Pasqualem Caponnettom z Univerzity v Catanii publikoval recenziu v\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/psychiatry\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1811946\/full\" target=\"_blank\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/psychiatry\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2026.1811946\/full\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Frontiers in Psychiatry<\/a>\u00a0hodnotiacu vplyv e-cigariet na faj\u010diarov so schizofr\u00e9niou z por\u00fach schizofr\u00e9nneho spektra. Pri anal\u00fdze klinick\u00fdch \u00fadajov z rokov 2020 a\u017e za\u010diatku 2026 v\u00fdskumn\u00edci zistili, \u017ee vaping predstavuje \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fa strat\u00e9giu zni\u017eovania \u0161k\u00f4d pre skupinu pacientov, u ktorej tradi\u010dn\u00e9 terapie na ukon\u010denie faj\u010denia zlyh\u00e1vaj\u00fa vo viac ne\u017e 90 % pr\u00edpadov.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vysok\u00e1 cena faj\u010denia pri schizofr\u00e9nii<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Miera faj\u010denia u os\u00f4b so schizofr\u00e9niou je dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00e1 a\u017e \u0161tvorn\u00e1sobn\u00e1 v porovnan\u00ed so v\u0161eobecnou popul\u00e1ciou. V d\u00f4sledku toho je u\u017e\u00edvanie tabaku u tejto skupiny hlavnou pr\u00ed\u010dinou pred\u010dasn\u00e9ho \u00famrtia, pri\u010dom skracuje priemern\u00fa d\u013a\u017eku \u017eivota o 15 a\u017e 20 rokov kv\u00f4li kardiovaskul\u00e1rnym, onkologick\u00fdm a respira\u010dn\u00fdm ochoreniam.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Be\u017en\u00e9 met\u00f3dy odvykania \u2013 ako nikot\u00ednov\u00e1 substitu\u010dn\u00e1 lie\u010dba, bupropi\u00f3n, varenikl\u00edn a behavior\u00e1lne poradenstvo \u2013 vykazuj\u00fa \u00faspe\u0161nos\u0165 ni\u017e\u0161iu ne\u017e 10 % u t\u00fdchto pacientov. Ke\u010f\u017ee \u00fapln\u00e1 abstinencia od nikot\u00ednu je \u0165a\u017eko dosiahnute\u013en\u00e1, v\u00fdskumn\u00edci sk\u00famaj\u00fa elektronick\u00e9 cigarety ako n\u00e1stroj na dod\u00e1vanie nikot\u00ednu bez toxick\u00fdch produktov spa\u013eovania tabaku.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Anal\u00fdza k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch klinick\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recenzia analyzovala \u00fadaje z troch prospekt\u00edvnych \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed, do ktor\u00fdch bolo zahrnut\u00fdch 323 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov. Tieto \u0161t\u00fadie sledovali zn\u00ed\u017eenie faj\u010denia, biologick\u00e9 ukazovatele \u0161k\u00f4d a psychick\u00fa stabilitu.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u0160t\u00fadia<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Krajina a pou\u017eit\u00fd pr\u00edstroj<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Profil \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Caponnetto a kol. (2021)<\/strong><\/td><td>Taliansko; JUUL (nikot\u00ednov\u00e9 vrecko 5 %)<\/td><td>40 pacientov so schizofr\u00e9niou alebo schizoafekt\u00edvnou poruchou<\/td><td>87,5 % zn\u00ed\u017eilo spotrebu cigariet na polovicu; 40 % prestalo faj\u010di\u0165 \u00faplne do 12. t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a. Bez poklesu psychick\u00fdch sympt\u00f3mov.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Pratt a kol. (2022, 2025)<\/strong><\/td><td>USA; jednorazov\u00e1 vape od NJOY<\/td><td>68 pacientov so z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm du\u0161evn\u00fdm ochoren\u00edm (SMI)<\/td><td>Zn\u00ed\u017eenie denn\u00e9ho po\u010dtu cigariet o 50 %. V mo\u010di klesla hodnota NNAL (marker karcinog\u00e9nu) u\u017e do 4. t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a, no do 8. t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a vzr\u00e1stlo du\u00e1lne pou\u017e\u00edvanie.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Kale &amp; Beard (2025)<\/strong><\/td><td>Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1\u013eovstvo; Aspire PocketX (0,6 %\u20131,8 % nikot\u00ednu)<\/td><td>43 pacientov s r\u00f4znymi psychiatrick\u00fdmi diagn\u00f3zami<\/td><td>61,9 % zn\u00ed\u017eilo faj\u010denie na polovicu; 9,5 % prestalo faj\u010di\u0165 \u00faplne. Bez zhor\u0161enia psychick\u00e9ho stavu.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 zistenia: bezpe\u010dnos\u0165, karcinog\u00e9ny a interakcia s klozap\u00ednom<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recenzia zd\u00f4raznila nieko\u013eko z\u00e1sadn\u00fdch v\u00fdsledkov t\u00fdkaj\u00facich sa pou\u017e\u00edvania e-cigariet v psychiatrickej starostlivosti:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Realizovate\u013enos\u0165:<\/strong>\u00a0Pacienti naprie\u010d v\u0161etk\u00fdmi \u0161t\u00fadiami ochotne prijali vapingov\u00e9 zariadenia a vykazovali vysok\u00fa mieru dodr\u017eiavania, \u010do nazna\u010duje, \u017ee vaping je v klinickom prostred\u00ed akceptovate\u013enou alternat\u00edvou.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Zn\u00ed\u017eenie karcinog\u00e9nov:<\/strong>\u00a0V\u00fdskumn\u00edci merali vydychovan\u00fd oxid uho\u013enat\u00fd (CO) a hodnotu NNAL v mo\u010di (metabolit v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho tabakov\u00e9ho karcinog\u00e9nu). Hoci oba ukazovatele klesli, zn\u00ed\u017eenie bolo udr\u017ean\u00e9 iba vtedy, ke\u010f pacienti \u00faplne nahradili cigarety vapi zariadeniami. Du\u00e1lne pou\u017e\u00edvanie \u2013 vaping popri tom, ako pacienti st\u00e1le faj\u010dia \u2013 tieto pr\u00ednosy negovalo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Psychick\u00e1 stabilita:<\/strong>\u00a0K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 je, \u017ee v \u017eiadnej zo \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed nebola zaznamenan\u00e1 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 miera psychotick\u00fdch sympt\u00f3mov, \u00fazkosti ani depresie. T\u00fdm sa rie\u0161i prim\u00e1rna obava medzi psychiatrami, \u017ee zmena sp\u00f4sobu dod\u00e1vania nikot\u00ednu by mohla pacientov destabilizova\u0165.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1sadn\u00e1 interakcia s klozap\u00ednom<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd klinick\u00fd poznatok sa t\u00fdka klozap\u00ednu, antipsychotika predpisovan\u00e9ho pri lie\u010dbe rezistentnej schizofr\u00e9nie. Chemik\u00e1lie v tabakovom dyme indukuj\u00fa pe\u010de\u0148ov\u00fd enz\u00fdm CYP1A2, ktor\u00fd klozap\u00edn metabolizuje, \u010do si od faj\u010diarov vy\u017eaduje pod\u00e1vanie vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch d\u00e1vok lieku.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ke\u010f pacient prejde na vaping, absencia tabakov\u00e9ho dymu zastav\u00ed t\u00fato indukciu enz\u00fdmu. To m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k zv\u00fd\u0161eniu hlad\u00edn klozap\u00ednu v krvi na toxick\u00e9 \u00farovne, potenci\u00e1lne sp\u00f4sobuj\u00face siln\u00fa sed\u00e1ciu, z\u00e1chvaty alebo zhor\u0161en\u00fa psych\u00f3zu. Autori zd\u00f4raz\u0148uj\u00fa, \u017ee pre pacientov u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00facich klozap\u00edn mus\u00ed by\u0165 ak\u00fdko\u013evek prechod na vaping sprev\u00e1dzan\u00fd monitorovan\u00edm hlad\u00edn v krvi a \u00fapravou d\u00e1vkovania.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Limit\u00e1cie \u0161t\u00fadie a odpor\u00fa\u010dania<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Autori uviedli viacer\u00e9 obmedzenia aktu\u00e1lneho v\u00fdskumu, vr\u00e1tane mal\u00e9ho celkov\u00e9ho vzorku (323 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov), diagnostickej r\u00f4znorodosti (iba talianska \u0161t\u00fadia sa zamerala v\u00fdlu\u010dne na schizofr\u00e9niu) a kr\u00e1tkych pozorovac\u00edch obdob\u00ed (v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou do 12 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov). Okrem toho niektor\u00ed autori uviedli finan\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00e4zby na farmaceutick\u00e9 alebo vapingov\u00e9 odvetvia.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z klinick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska recenzia nazna\u010duje, \u017ee vaping m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 praktickou mo\u017enos\u0165ou na zni\u017eovanie \u0161k\u00f4d, ak sa kombinuje s behavior\u00e1lnou podporou s cie\u013eom predch\u00e1dza\u0165 du\u00e1lnemu pou\u017e\u00edvaniu. Regula\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy sa l\u00ed\u0161ia glob\u00e1lne: Spojen\u00e9 kr\u00e1\u013eovstvo podporuje vaping ako n\u00e1stroj na odvykanie, Austr\u00e1lia ho umo\u017e\u0148uje ako druh\u00fa vo\u013ebu pre psychiatrick\u00fdch pacientov a v USA sa vapy reguluj\u00fa ako spotrebite\u013esk\u00e9 produkty, nie ako schv\u00e1len\u00e9 medic\u00ednske zariadenia.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hoci sa po\u010diato\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fadaje javia ako s\u013eubn\u00e9, na presn\u00e9 ur\u010denie \u00falohy e-cigariet v psychiatrickej klinickej praxi s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie a dlhodobej\u0161ie \u0161t\u00fadie.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pre\u010d\u00edtajte si viac:  <a href=\"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/studia-o-vape\/vaping-health-effects-current-research-2026\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/study\/vaping-health-effects-current-research-2026\">Vplyv vaping na zdravie v roku 2026: \u010do ukazuje v\u00fdskum<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00fdskumn\u00edci analyzuj\u00fa bezpe\u010dnos\u0165, miery ukon\u010denia faj\u010denia a liekov\u00e9 interakcie e-cigariet pre pacientov so schizofr\u00e9niou.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":52513,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2040],"tags":[2760],"class_list":["post-52512","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-studia-o-vape","tag-vaping-safety"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52512","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52512"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52512\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52513"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52512"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52512"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52512"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}