{"id":62930,"date":"2026-09-12T09:12:44","date_gmt":"2026-09-12T09:12:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/tobacco-plants-nicotine-biosynthesis-pathway"},"modified":"2026-09-13T09:39:50","modified_gmt":"2026-09-13T09:39:50","slug":"tobacco-plants-nicotine-biosynthesis-pathway","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/studia-o-vape\/tobacco-plants-nicotine-biosynthesis-pathway","title":{"rendered":"Vedci zistili, ako tabakov\u00e9 rastliny vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa nikot\u00edn, aby umo\u017enili pestovanie tabaku s n\u00edzkym obsahom nikot\u00ednu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Biochemici z Univerzity v Yorku v spolupr\u00e1ci s medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdmi kolegami dokon\u010dili mapovanie enzymatickej dr\u00e1hy, ktor\u00fa tabakov\u00e9 rastliny pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na zostavenie nikot\u00ednu z jednoduch\u00fdch chemick\u00fdch stavebn\u00fdch prvkov. Objav rie\u0161i biologick\u00fa h\u00e1danku, ktor\u00e1 pretrv\u00e1vala od chv\u00edle, ke\u010f chemici v roku 1828 prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t extrahovali nikot\u00edn z tabakov\u00fdch listov.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zistenia objas\u0148uj\u00fa genetick\u00e9 a biochemick\u00e9 mechanizmy zodpovedn\u00e9 za tvorbu n\u00e1vykov\u00e9ho alkaloidu. Okrem d\u00f4sledkov pre po\u013enohospod\u00e1rske pestovanie tabaku poskytuje v\u00fdskum molekul\u00e1rne n\u00e1stroje na odstr\u00e1nenie nikot\u00ednu z druhov tabaku pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch ako v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 platformy pre lie\u010div\u00e1, vakc\u00edny a diagnostick\u00e9 prote\u00edny.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201eJe to v\u00fdznamn\u00fd okamih pre rastlinn\u00fa vedu a bioch\u00e9miu, preto\u017ee teraz m\u00e1me odpove\u010f, ktor\u00fa sme h\u013eadali viac ako 200 rokov!\u201c povedal Dr. Benjamin Lichman z Centra pre nov\u00e9 po\u013enohospod\u00e1rske produkty na Univerzite v Yorku.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dvestoro\u010dn\u00e9 h\u013eadanie biosynt\u00e9zy nikot\u00ednu<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nikot\u00edn v pr\u00edrode funguje predov\u0161etk\u00fdm ako alkaloidn\u00fd obrann\u00fd mechanizmus. Tabakov\u00e9 rastliny vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa t\u00fato zl\u00fa\u010deninu v kore\u0148och a transportuj\u00fa ju do listov, aby odpudzovali bylino\u017erav\u00fd hmyz a pas\u00face sa zvierat\u00e1. Pri konzum\u00e1cii \u010dlovekom sa molekula priamo via\u017ee na nikot\u00ednov\u00e9 acetylchol\u00ednov\u00e9 receptory v nervovom syst\u00e9me, p\u00f4sob\u00ed ako stimulant a vedie k fyzickej z\u00e1vislosti.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdskumn\u00edci cel\u00e9 desa\u0165ro\u010dia rozumeli z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm chemick\u00fdm prekurzorom potrebn\u00fdm na tvorbu nikot\u00ednu. \u0160truktur\u00e1lne anal\u00fdzy potvrdili, \u017ee molekula pozost\u00e1va z dvoch odli\u0161n\u00fdch heterocyklick\u00fdch kruhov spojen\u00fdch jedinou v\u00e4zbou uhl\u00edk\u2013uhl\u00edk:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pyrid\u00ednov\u00fd kruh:<\/strong>\u00a0Poch\u00e1dza z kyseliny nikot\u00ednovej (formy vitam\u00ednu B3).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pyrrolid\u00ednov\u00fd kruh:<\/strong>\u00a0Vznik\u00e1 z kati\u00f3nu N-metylpyrrol\u00ednia odvoden\u00e9ho od aminokyseliny.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Napriek poznaniu v\u00fdchodiskov\u00fdch l\u00e1tok vedci nedok\u00e1zali identifikova\u0165 katalytick\u00fd apar\u00e1t zodpovedn\u00fd za spojenie t\u00fdchto dvoch kruhov. Pokusy pozorova\u0165 priamu kondenz\u00e1ciu t\u00fdchto molek\u00fal v laborat\u00f3rnom prostred\u00ed opakovane zlyh\u00e1vali, preto\u017ee kyselina nikot\u00ednov\u00e1 zost\u00e1va za \u0161tandardn\u00fdch biologick\u00fdch podmienok chemicky stabiln\u00e1. Bez aktiva\u010dn\u00e9ho kroku zost\u00e1vala energetick\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra pre spojenie kruhov pr\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1 na to, aby ju dok\u00e1zali prekona\u0165 zn\u00e1me rastlinn\u00e9 enz\u00fdmy.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"376\" src=\"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/image-2-1024x376.png\" alt=\"Ako tabakov\u00e9 rastliny vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa nikot\u00edn\" class=\"wp-image-62515\" srcset=\"\/\/stagvape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/image-2-1024x376.png 1024w, \/\/stagvape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/image-2-300x110.png 300w, \/\/stagvape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/image-2-768x282.png 768w, \/\/stagvape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/image-2-1536x564.png 1536w, \/\/stagvape.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/image-2.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mechanizmus: skryt\u00e1 aktiva\u010dn\u00e1 glukozyl\u00e1cia<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00edm z Univerzity v Yorku zistil, \u017ee tabakov\u00e1 rastlina obch\u00e1dza t\u00fato chemick\u00fa bari\u00e9ru pou\u017eit\u00edm ne\u010dakan\u00e9ho medziproduktu: gluk\u00f3zy. Rastlina do\u010dasne navia\u017ee molekulu cukru gluk\u00f3zy na kyselinu nikot\u00ednov\u00fa, \u010d\u00edm destabilizuje zl\u00fa\u010deninu a zni\u017euje aktiva\u010dn\u00fa energiu potrebn\u00fa pre n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 enzymatick\u00e9 reakcie.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1to biologick\u00e1 strat\u00e9gia, ozna\u010dovan\u00e1 ako <strong>skryt\u00e1 aktiva\u010dn\u00e1 glukozyl\u00e1cia<\/strong>, funguje ako do\u010dasn\u00fd molekul\u00e1rny \u00fachyt. Ke\u010f gluk\u00f3za aktivuje prekurzor, \u010fal\u0161ie enz\u00fdmy spoja kruh s N-metylpyrrol\u00edniom. Hne\u010f ako sa vytvor\u00ed \u0161truktur\u00e1lna v\u00e4zba, in\u00fd enz\u00fdm od\u0161tiepi cukor z komplexu a zanech\u00e1 hotov\u00fa molekulu nikot\u00ednu.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ke\u010f\u017ee sa molekula gluk\u00f3zy odpoj\u00ed predt\u00fdm, ne\u017e kone\u010dn\u00fd produkt opust\u00ed enzymatick\u00fd komplex, v hotovom alkaloide nezanech\u00e1va \u017eiadnu chemick\u00fa stopu. T\u00e1to prechodn\u00e1 povaha vysvet\u013euje, pre\u010do gener\u00e1cie analytick\u00fdch chemikov nedok\u00e1zali izolova\u0165 medzistupne tejto dr\u00e1hy.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201eH\u00e1danka, ako tabakov\u00e9 rastliny produkuj\u00fa nikot\u00edn, existuje od konca 20. rokov 19. storo\u010dia, ke\u010f bol nikot\u00edn z rastl\u00edn prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t extrahovan\u00fd,\u201c povedal Lichman. \u201eV\u010faka t\u00fdmto nov\u00fdm poznatkom m\u00f4\u017eeme odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 alebo premeni\u0165 nikot\u00edn, ktor\u00fd rastlina prirodzene produkuje, vytvori\u0165 lep\u0161ie biotechnologick\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje a existuje aj vzru\u0161uj\u00faci potenci\u00e1l do bud\u00facnosti prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 syst\u00e9m tvorby nikot\u00ednu v tabaku na v\u00fdrobu u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fdch farmaceutick\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn.\u201c<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kask\u00e1da \u0161tyroch enz\u00fdmov<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na overenie reak\u010dnej sekvencie v\u00fdskumn\u00fd t\u00edm izoloval a purifikoval \u0161tyri odli\u0161n\u00e9 enz\u00fdmy z tabakov\u00fdch tkan\u00edv, \u010d\u00edm rekon\u0161tituoval cel\u00fa metabolick\u00fa dr\u00e1hu mimo \u017eivej bunky.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Enz\u00fdm<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Biochemick\u00e1 funkcia<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">\u00daloha v dr\u00e1he<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>NaGT<\/strong><\/td><td>Glukozyltransfer\u00e1za<\/td><td>Prip\u00e1ja gluk\u00f3zu ku kyseline nikot\u00ednovej a vytv\u00e1ra aktivovan\u00fd medziprodukt.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>NaGR<\/strong><\/td><td>Redukt\u00e1za<\/td><td>Pren\u00e1\u0161a at\u00f3my vod\u00edka na redukciu aktivovanej molekuly prekurzora.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>NicGS<\/strong><\/td><td>Spojovacia synt\u00e1za<\/td><td>Zabezpe\u010duje stereochemick\u00fa kontrolu a vytv\u00e1ra biologicky akt\u00edvny (S)-nikot\u00edn.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>NicGH<\/strong><\/td><td>Glukozid\u00e1za \/ hydrol\u00e1za<\/td><td>Hydrolyzuje a odstra\u0148uje do\u010dasn\u00fa gluk\u00f3zov\u00fa zna\u010dku, \u010d\u00edm vznik\u00e1 \u010dist\u00fd nikot\u00edn.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pomocou r\u00f6ntgenovej kry\u0161talografie s vysok\u00fdm rozl\u00ed\u0161en\u00edm prv\u00fd autor Benjamin Schwabe ur\u010dil trojrozmern\u00e9 \u0161trukt\u00fary NaGR a NicGS v at\u00f3movom rozl\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed. \u0160truktur\u00e1lne modely uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee NicGS fyzicky orientuje reak\u010dn\u00e9 medziprodukty vo svojom v\u00e4zbovom mieste tak, aby riadil priestorov\u00fa konfigur\u00e1ciu v\u00fdslednej v\u00e4zby.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1to \u0161truktur\u00e1lna kontrola je biologicky rozhoduj\u00faca. Biologick\u00e9 molekuly \u010dasto existuj\u00fa ako chir\u00e1lne enantiom\u00e9ry \u2014 zrkadlovo obrazov\u00e9 verzie rovnak\u00e9ho chemick\u00e9ho vzorca. Tabakov\u00e9 rastliny produkuj\u00fa takmer v\u00fdlu\u010dne (S)-nikot\u00edn, optick\u00fd izom\u00e9r, ktor\u00fd sa \u00fa\u010dinne via\u017ee na neurologick\u00e9 receptory cicavcov. Ke\u010f v\u00fdskumn\u00edci testovali dr\u00e1hu bez NicGS, syst\u00e9m vytvoril nekontrolovan\u00fa racemick\u00fa zmes \u013eavoto\u010div\u00fdch aj pravoto\u010div\u00fdch izom\u00e9rov, \u010do dok\u00e1zalo, \u017ee NicGS ur\u010duje stereochemick\u00fa presnos\u0165 prirodzen\u00e9ho tabaku.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Overenie v \u017eiv\u00fdch rastlinn\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po bezbunkovej laborat\u00f3rnej synt\u00e9ze v\u00fdskumn\u00edci overili enzymatick\u00fa dr\u00e1hu v \u017eivom rastlinnom tkanive. Zaviedli g\u00e9ny k\u00f3duj\u00face \u0161tyri enz\u00fdmy do <em>Nicotiana benthamiana<\/em>, divok\u00e9ho austr\u00e1lskeho pr\u00edbuzn\u00e9ho tabaku, ktor\u00fd sa \u0161iroko vyu\u017e\u00edva v po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskom a farmaceutickom v\u00fdskume.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Geneticky upraven\u00e9 rastliny produkovali ozna\u010den\u00e9 molekuly nikot\u00ednu, ktor\u00e9 zodpovedali prirodzen\u00fdm profilom rastl\u00edn. Okrem toho v\u00fdskumn\u00edci vyraden\u00edm jednotliv\u00fdch g\u00e9nov v kask\u00e1de overili ka\u017ed\u00fd krok:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Potla\u010denie <strong>NicGH<\/strong> sp\u00f4sobilo, \u017ee rastliny akumulovali stabiln\u00e9 prekurzory nikot\u00ednu viazan\u00e9 na gluk\u00f3zu bez tvorby vo\u013en\u00e9ho nikot\u00ednu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vynechanie <strong>NicGS<\/strong> naru\u0161ilo stereo\u0161pecificitu dr\u00e1hy, \u010d\u00edm potvrdilo jeho regula\u010dn\u00fa \u00falohu v \u017eivom bunkovom prostred\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zlep\u0161ovanie tabakov\u00fdch platforiem pre molekul\u00e1rne po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Identifik\u00e1cia t\u00fdchto \u0161tyroch enz\u00fdmov m\u00e1 priamy v\u00fdznam pre modern\u00fa biov\u00fdrobu. Hoci komer\u010dn\u00fd tabak zost\u00e1va synonymom cigariet, rastlinn\u00ed biol\u00f3govia \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa druhy tabaku na molekul\u00e1rne po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo \u2014 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa r\u00fdchlo rast\u00face rastlinn\u00e9 tkaniv\u00e1 ako bioreaktory na synt\u00e9zu medic\u00ednskych prote\u00ednov, monoklon\u00e1lnych protil\u00e1tok a vakcina\u010dn\u00fdch antig\u00e9nov.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nicotiana benthamiana<\/em> sa v molekul\u00e1rnom po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstve uprednost\u0148uje, preto\u017ee v priebehu t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov poskytuje ve\u013ek\u00e9 objemy biomasy a \u013eahko prij\u00edma vektory pre prechodn\u00fa expresiu. Prirodzen\u00e1 produkcia nikot\u00ednu v\u0161ak predstavuje pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00facu v\u00fdrobn\u00fa prek\u00e1\u017eku. Alkaloid je pre \u013eud\u00ed pri farmaceutick\u00fdch koncentr\u00e1ci\u00e1ch toxick\u00fd a kopurifikuje sa s cie\u013eov\u00fdmi prote\u00ednmi, \u010do si vy\u017eaduje n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 viacstup\u0148ov\u00e9 filtra\u010dn\u00e9 procesy na izol\u00e1ciu terapeutick\u00fdch molek\u00fal.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201eTabakov\u00e9 rastliny mo\u017eno v biotechnol\u00f3gi\u00e1ch pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ako platformy na v\u00fdrobu vakc\u00edn alebo in\u00fdch farmaceutick\u00fdch produktov, no probl\u00e9mom je pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 nikot\u00ednu, ktor\u00fd produkty kontaminuje a vy\u017eaduje spracovanie na jeho odstr\u00e1nenie,\u201c vysvetlil Lichman.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pou\u017eit\u00edm cielen\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov na \u00fapravu g\u00e9nov, ako je CRISPR, na deaktiv\u00e1ciu g\u00e9nov k\u00f3duj\u00facich NaGT alebo NicGS m\u00f4\u017eu po\u013enohospod\u00e1rski vedci vy\u0161\u013eachti\u0165 nenikot\u00ednov\u00e9 l\u00ednie tabaku. Tieto rastliny si zachov\u00e1vaj\u00fa r\u00fdchly vegetat\u00edvny rast a kapacitu synt\u00e9zy prote\u00ednov, pri\u010dom \u00faplne eliminuj\u00fa kontamin\u00e1ciu alkaloidmi, \u010do zni\u017euje v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady rastlinne odvoden\u00fdch terapeut\u00edk.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdvoj nov\u00fdch farmaceutick\u00fdch alkaloidov<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Objav z\u00e1rove\u0148 vytv\u00e1ra enzymatick\u00fd r\u00e1mec pre synt\u00e9zu nen\u00e1vykov\u00fdch lie\u010div\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn. Modul\u00e1rna povaha syst\u00e9mu \u0161tyroch enz\u00fdmov umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdskumn\u00edkom priv\u00e1dza\u0165 do kask\u00e1dy alternat\u00edvne molekuly prekurzorov.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V sk\u00fa\u0161kach na overenie konceptu v\u00fdskumn\u00fd t\u00edm preuk\u00e1zal, \u017ee nahradenie anal\u00f3gov prekurzorov umo\u017enilo enz\u00fdmom produkova\u0165 pr\u00edbuzn\u00e9 alkaloidy vr\u00e1tane nornikot\u00ednu a anabaz\u00ednu. Ke\u010f\u017ee mnoh\u00e9 rastlinn\u00e9 alkaloidy sl\u00fa\u017eia ako \u0161trukt\u00farne z\u00e1klady liekov pre centr\u00e1lny nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, terapi\u00ed bolesti a insektic\u00eddov, prisp\u00f4sobenie tohto enzymatick\u00e9ho mechanizmu pon\u00faka \u010dist\u00fd sp\u00f4sob v\u00fdroby komplexn\u00fdch chemick\u00fdch zl\u00fa\u010den\u00edn bez priemyselnej synt\u00e9zy pri vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201eOtv\u00e1ra to nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti vyu\u017eitia tabakov\u00fdch rastl\u00edn na dobr\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely: nie v cigaret\u00e1ch, ale na lieky a \u010fal\u0161ie hodnotn\u00e9 produkty,\u201c povedal Lichman.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>V\u00fdsledky v\u00fdskumu s\u00fa dostupn\u00e9 online v \u010dasopise <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-026-72705-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Nature Communications<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00fdskumn\u00edci z Univerzity v Yorku vyrie\u0161ili 200-ro\u010dn\u00fa z\u00e1hadu a zmapovali enz\u00fdmy, ktor\u00e9 skladaj\u00fa nikot\u00edn, \u010do umo\u017en\u00ed pestovanie plod\u00edn s n\u00edzkym obsahom nikot\u00ednu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":62931,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2040],"tags":[2816],"class_list":["post-62930","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-studia-o-vape","tag-nicotine"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62930","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62930"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62930\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62931"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62930"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62930"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stagvape.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62930"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}